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  • Language Family: Other Benue-Congo
  • Topic #1: Phonology
  • Topic #2: Verbs
Phonological features of verb compounds in Phonological features of verb compounds in Igbo

This paper describes the phonological properties evident when two verbs combine to form a single verb in the Igbo language. The combined verbs do undergo inflection to produce some grammatical verb forms. The verb forms studied are the root, simple verb compound, infinitive, past tense, negative, perfective and compound verbs with clitics. The phonological features of tone, vowel harmony, and a combined effect of consonant deletion and vowel raising form the thrust of this paper. The deletion, vowel raising and harmony result in rapid speech that involves a combination of any verb root and /øe/ ‘give’. The paper finds out that tone plays a significant role in different grammatical compound verb forms. Each grammatical compound verb form possesses its peculiar tone. To this end, different tone rules are proposed for different inflections of verb compounds. The paper further finds out that prefixes appear to copy the vowel harmony set of its immediate following vowel. On the other hand, the past tense marker seems to be the only suffix that copies the vowel harmony set of its preceding vowel. Another interesting finding is that phonological processes of deletion and raising may act on any verb root forming the first verb and /øe/ being the second verb in rapid speech. When such verb compounds are formed, in fast speech, /ø/ is deleted and the non-high vowels are raised. The raising forces the emergent structure to strictly obey the rule of vowel harmony. The tone patterns of the slow and the fast forms do not change.

Cet article décrit les propriétés phonologiques en cours lorsque deux verbes se combinent pour former un seul verbe en igbo. Les verbes combinés subissent le phénomène d’inflexion pour produire certaines formes grammaticales.  Les formes verbales étudiées sont : la racine, le verbe simple composé, l’infinitif, le passé, le négatif, le perfectif et les verbes composés avec une clitique. Les traits phonologiques du ton, l’harmonie vocalique et un effet combiné de l’élision consonantique et de l’élévation de la voyelle participent à l’idée maîtresse de cet article. L’élision, l’élévation de la voyelle et l’harmonie résultent en un discours rapide qui implique la  combinaison du  radical du verbe  avec /øe/ ‘donner’. Il ressort de l’analyse que le ton joue un rôle important dans différentes formes verbales composées. Chacune des formes verbales grammaticales composées possède un ton particulier. Pour cela, différentes règles tonales sont proposées pour les différentes inflexions des verbes composés. Il ressort également de l’analyse que les préfixes semblent copier les éléments de l’harmonie vocalique de la voyelle qui suit directement. D’autre part, le marqueur du passé semble être le seul suffixe qui copie les éléments de l’harmonie vocalique de la voyelle précédente. Un autre élément intéressant issue de l’analyse est que les processus phonologiques d’élision et de l’élévation peuvent agir sur n’importe quel racine du verbe en formant le premier verbe et  /øe/, le deuxième verbe, en discours rapide. Lorsque de tels verbes composés se forment, en discours rapide, /øe/  s’efface et les voyelles qui ne sont pas du premier degré d’aperture sont élevées. L’élévation force la structure émergente pour obéir de manière stricte à la règle de l’harmonie vocalique. Les schèmes tonals dans les formes du discours lent et rapide ne changent pas.

Data
Created 2015-Nov-13
Changed 2015-Nov-13
Size 1.15 MB
Author This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
MD5 Checksum d4c90b68afcc38ca36c5fc91a5f68038
Created by Hasiyatu Abubakari
Downloads 2,622
SHA1 Checksum 59221835337f261922736ddeed0f296582795616
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