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- Language Family: Mande
- Topic #1: Tone
- Topic #2: Phonology
Formalizing the prosodic word domain in Bambara tonology
The surface tonal melodies associated with Compacité Tonale (CT) are known in the Manding literature, however no formal mechanism linking these melodies to the phonological structure of these languages has yet been offered. It is argued in this paper that, for Bambara, the observed tonal outcomes of CT are directly linked to prosodic structure above the level of the syllable. That is, tone spreading via this process is bounded and constrained by the prosodic word (PW) domain. This paper aims to offer a principled explanation for both the regular and irregular tonal outcomes of CT in terms of the (in)ability for tone spreading to occur within the PW domain, rather than within some other morphosyntactic entity. A role for the PW domain as a domain of application for phonological processes in Bambara draws on earlier work that has characterized and offered evidence for foot structure in the language (e.g. Green 2010; Green and Diakite 2008; Leben 2002, 2003). This paper draws on Prosodic Projection Theory (e.g. Ito and Mester 2007, 2009, 2010, 2013) to illustrate that CT is triggered by rightward adjunction to the PW maximal projection, followed by tone spreading within the leftmost non-maximal PW domain immediately dominated by the maximal projection.
On trouve dans la littérature mandingue les mélodies tonales superficielles associées à la Compacité Tonale (CT). Cependant, aucun mécanisme formel qui lie ces mélodies à la structure phonologique de ces langues n’a été offert jusqu’à présent. Dans ce travail on soutient qu’en bambara, les résultats tonals observés de la CT sont liés à la structure prosodique au-dessus du niveau syllabique. En d’autres termes, le domaine du mot prosodique (PW) lie et contraint la propagation tonale par ce processus. Ce travail tente d’offrir une explication des résultats réguliers et irréguliers de la CT en termes de la (in)capacité de la propagation tonale de se produire à l’intérieur du domaine du PW, au lieu d’une autre entité morphosyntaxique. Un rôle du domaine du PW comme le domaine d’application des processus phonologiques en bambara s’appuie sur les résultats d’un travail précédent qui décrit et met en exergue la structure syllabique de la langue (e.g., Green 2010; Green and Diakite 2008; Leben 2002,2003). Ce travail utilise la Théorie de Projection Prosodique (e.g. Ito and Mester 2007, 2009, 2010) afin d’illustrer qu’une adjonction à la droite de la projection maximale du PW déclenche la CT. Celle-ci est suivie d’une diffusion tonale à l’intérieur du domaine du PW le plus à gauche et non-maximal que la projection maximale domine directement.