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- Language Family: Other Benue-Congo
- Topic #1: Negation
- Topic #2: Syntax
Negative markers in Ào and Standard Yorùbá
Negation is a universal phenomenon in that it is common to all languages. However, different languages express negation in different ways. Infact, within a language, it is possible for two dialects to express negation differently. This is the situation in standard Yoruba (SY) and one of her dialects – Ào, where the two speech-forms have different ways of expressing negation. SY expresses negation with the use of distinct and separate lexical items as negative markers; Ào dialect does not have such lexical items. Rather it makes use of other functors such as tense markers, continuous aspect markers and the focus marker to express negation.
Apart from this, Ào dialect also has what we refer to as negative pronouns. These short subject pronouns are exclusively employed in negative sentences. SY does not have such pronouns. We shall do a comparative analysis of negative markers in SY and Ào dialect to bring out the differences outline above and to establish the similarities between the two speech forms.
La négation est un phénomène universel qui se manifeste dans toutes les langues. Toutefois chaque langue a une façon différente de l'exprimer. Il est même possible pour deux dialecte d'une même langue d'exprimer le négatif différemment. Il en est ainsi en yorùbá, où le dialecte ào l'exprime autrement que le dialecte standard (SY). Le SY exprime le négatif par moyen d'éléments lexicaux distincts et séparés; l'ào n'a aucun élément lexical de ce genre. Pour ce faire il utilise d'autres éléments tels que les marques de temps, de l'aspect continu et de focalisation.
De plus l'ào possède aussi ce que nous nommons des pronoms négatifs Ces pronoms sujet courts s'utilisent exclusivement dans les phrases négatives. Le SY n'a aucun pronom de ce genre. Nous présentons une analyse comparative des marqueurs négatifs en SY et en ào pour faire ressortir les différences en question et pour indiquer les similarités entre ces deux parlers.